SpinLock 構造体

定義

public value class SpinLock

public struct SpinLock

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(false)]
public struct SpinLock

type SpinLock = struct

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(false)>]
type SpinLock = struct

Public Structure SpinLock

継承

Object

ValueType

SpinLock

属性

ComVisibleAttribute

例

次の例は、 SpinLockの使用方法を示しています。

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class SpinLockDemo
{

    // Demonstrates:
    //      Default SpinLock construction ()
    //      SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    //      SpinLock.Exit()
    static void SpinLockSample1()
    {
        SpinLock sl = new SpinLock();

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        // Action taken by each parallel job.
        // Append to the StringBuilder 10000 times, protecting
        // access to sb with a SpinLock.
        Action action = () =>
        {
            bool gotLock = false;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                gotLock = false;
                try
                {
                    sl.Enter(ref gotLock);
                    sb.Append((i % 10).ToString());
                }
                finally
                {
                    // Only give up the lock if you actually acquired it
                    if (gotLock) sl.Exit();
                }
            }
        };

        // Invoke 3 concurrent instances of the action above
        Parallel.Invoke(action, action, action);

        // Check/Show the results
        Console.WriteLine("sb.Length = {0} (should be 30000)", sb.Length);
        Console.WriteLine("number of occurrences of '5' in sb: {0} (should be 3000)",
            sb.ToString().Where(c => (c == '5')).Count());
    }

    // Demonstrates:
    //      Default SpinLock constructor (tracking thread owner)
    //      SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    //      SpinLock.Exit() throwing exception
    //      SpinLock.IsHeld
    //      SpinLock.IsHeldByCurrentThread
    //      SpinLock.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled
    static void SpinLockSample2()
    {
        // Instantiate a SpinLock
        SpinLock sl = new SpinLock();

        // These MRESs help to sequence the two jobs below
        ManualResetEventSlim mre1 = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);
        ManualResetEventSlim mre2 = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);
        bool lockTaken = false;

        Task taskA = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            try
            {
                sl.Enter(ref lockTaken);
                Console.WriteLine("Task A: entered SpinLock");
                mre1.Set(); // Signal Task B to commence with its logic

                // Wait for Task B to complete its logic
                // (Normally, you would not want to perform such a potentially
                // heavyweight operation while holding a SpinLock, but we do it
                // here to more effectively show off SpinLock properties in
                // taskB.)
                mre2.Wait();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (lockTaken) sl.Exit();
            }
        });

        Task taskB = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            mre1.Wait(); // wait for Task A to signal me
            Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeld = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsHeld);
            Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread = {0} (should be false)", sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread);
            Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled);

            try
            {
                sl.Exit();
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: Released sl, should not have been able to!");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.Exit resulted in exception, as expected: {0}", e.Message);
            }

            mre2.Set(); // Signal Task A to exit the SpinLock
        });

        // Wait for task completion and clean up
        Task.WaitAll(taskA, taskB);
        mre1.Dispose();
        mre2.Dispose();
    }

    // Demonstrates:
    //      SpinLock constructor(false) -- thread ownership not tracked
    static void SpinLockSample3()
    {
        // Create SpinLock that does not track ownership/threadIDs
        SpinLock sl = new SpinLock(false);

        // Used to synchronize with the Task below
        ManualResetEventSlim mres = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);

        // We will verify that the Task below runs on a separate thread
        Console.WriteLine("main thread id = {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);

        // Now enter the SpinLock.  Ordinarily, you would not want to spend so
        // much time holding a SpinLock, but we do it here for the purpose of 
        // demonstrating that a non-ownership-tracking SpinLock can be exited 
        // by a different thread than that which was used to enter it.
        bool lockTaken = false;
        sl.Enter(ref lockTaken);

        // Create a separate Task from which to Exit() the SpinLock
        Task worker = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            Console.WriteLine("worker task thread id = {0} (should be different than main thread id)",
                Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);

            // Now exit the SpinLock
            try
            {
                sl.Exit();
                Console.WriteLine("worker task: successfully exited SpinLock, as expected");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("worker task: unexpected failure in exiting SpinLock: {0}", e.Message);
            }

            // Notify main thread to continue
            mres.Set();
        });

        // Do this instead of worker.Wait(), because worker.Wait() could inline the worker Task,
        // causing it to be run on the same thread.  The purpose of this example is to show that
        // a different thread can exit the SpinLock created (without thread tracking) on your thread.
        mres.Wait();

        // now Wait() on worker and clean up
        worker.Wait();
        mres.Dispose();
    }
}

Imports System.Text
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Threading.Tasks


Module SpinLockDemo

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' Default SpinLock construction ()
    ' SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    ' SpinLock.Exit()
    Private Sub SpinLockSample1()
        Dim sl As New SpinLock()

        Dim sb As New StringBuilder()

        ' Action taken by each parallel job.
        ' Append to the StringBuilder 10000 times, protecting
        ' access to sb with a SpinLock.
        Dim action As Action =
            Sub()
                Dim gotLock As Boolean = False
                For i As Integer = 0 To 9999
                    gotLock = False
                    Try
                        sl.Enter(gotLock)
                        sb.Append((i Mod 10).ToString())
                    Finally
                        ' Only give up the lock if you actually acquired it
                        If gotLock Then
                            sl.[Exit]()
                        End If
                    End Try
                Next
            End Sub

        ' Invoke 3 concurrent instances of the action above
        Parallel.Invoke(action, action, action)

        ' Check/Show the results
        Console.WriteLine("sb.Length = {0} (should be 30000)", sb.Length)
        Console.WriteLine("number of occurrences of '5' in sb: {0} (should be 3000)", sb.ToString().Where(Function(c) (c = "5"c)).Count())
    End Sub

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' Default SpinLock constructor (tracking thread owner)
    ' SpinLock.Enter(ref bool)
    ' SpinLock.Exit() throwing exception
    ' SpinLock.IsHeld
    ' SpinLock.IsHeldByCurrentThread
    ' SpinLock.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled
    Private Sub SpinLockSample2()
        ' Instantiate a SpinLock
        Dim sl As New SpinLock()

        ' These MRESs help to sequence the two jobs below
        Dim mre1 As New ManualResetEventSlim(False)
        Dim mre2 As New ManualResetEventSlim(False)
        Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False

        Dim taskA As Task = Task.Factory.StartNew(
            Sub()
                Try
                    sl.Enter(lockTaken)
                    Console.WriteLine("Task A: entered SpinLock")
                    mre1.[Set]()
                    ' Signal Task B to commence with its logic
                    ' Wait for Task B to complete its logic
                    ' (Normally, you would not want to perform such a potentially
                    ' heavyweight operation while holding a SpinLock, but we do it
                    ' here to more effectively show off SpinLock properties in
                    ' taskB.)
                    mre2.Wait()
                Finally
                    If lockTaken Then
                        sl.[Exit]()
                    End If
                End Try
            End Sub)

        Dim taskB As Task = Task.Factory.StartNew(
            Sub()
                mre1.Wait()
                ' wait for Task A to signal me
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeld = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsHeld)
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread = {0} (should be false)", sl.IsHeldByCurrentThread)
                Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled = {0} (should be true)", sl.IsThreadOwnerTrackingEnabled)

                Try
                    sl.[Exit]()
                    Console.WriteLine("Task B: Released sl, should not have been able to!")
                Catch e As Exception
                    Console.WriteLine("Task B: sl.Exit resulted in exception, as expected: {0}", e.Message)
                End Try

                ' Signal Task A to exit the SpinLock
                mre2.[Set]()
            End Sub)

        ' Wait for task completion and clean up
        Task.WaitAll(taskA, taskB)
        mre1.Dispose()
        mre2.Dispose()
    End Sub

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' SpinLock constructor(false) -- thread ownership not tracked
    Private Sub SpinLockSample3()
        ' Create SpinLock that does not track ownership/threadIDs
        Dim sl As New SpinLock(False)

        ' Used to synchronize with the Task below
        Dim mres As New ManualResetEventSlim(False)

        ' We will verify that the Task below runs on a separate thread
        Console.WriteLine("main thread id = {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId)

        ' Now enter the SpinLock.  Ordinarily, you would not want to spend so
        ' much time holding a SpinLock, but we do it here for the purpose of 
        ' demonstrating that a non-ownership-tracking SpinLock can be exited 
        ' by a different thread than that which was used to enter it.
        Dim lockTaken As Boolean = False
        sl.Enter(lockTaken)

        ' Create a separate Task
        Dim worker As Task = Task.Factory.StartNew(
            Sub()
                Console.WriteLine("worker task thread id = {0} (should be different than main thread id)", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId)

                ' Now exit the SpinLock
                Try
                    sl.[Exit]()
                    Console.WriteLine("worker task: successfully exited SpinLock, as expected")
                Catch e As Exception
                    Console.WriteLine("worker task: unexpected failure in exiting SpinLock: {0}", e.Message)
                End Try

                ' Notify main thread to continue
                mres.[Set]()
            End Sub)

        ' Do this instead of worker.Wait(), because worker.Wait() could inline the worker Task,
        ' causing it to be run on the same thread. The purpose of this example is to show that
        ' a different thread can exit the SpinLock created (without thread tracking) on your thread.
        mres.Wait()

        ' now Wait() on worker and clean up
        worker.Wait()
        mres.Dispose()
    End Sub


End Module

注釈

スピン ロックを使用する方法の例については、「 方法: スピン ロックを使用して Low-Level 同期する」を参照してください。

スピン ロックは、リーフ レベルのロックに使用できます。この場合、オブジェクトの割り当ては、サイズやガベージ コレクションの負荷により、 Monitorを使用して暗示されるコストが高くなります。 スピン ロックは、ブロックを回避するのに役立ちます。ただし、大量のブロックが予想される場合は、過剰なスピンが原因でスピン ロックを使用しないようにする必要があります。 スピンは、ロックの粒度が細かく、数が多い場合 (リンク リストのノードごとのロックなど) や、ロックの保持時間が常に非常に短い場合に役立ちます。 一般に、スピン ロックを保持している間は、次のいずれかのアクションを回避する必要があります。

• ブロック

• それ自体がブロックする可能性のあるものを呼び出し、

• 一度に複数のスピンロックを保持する

• 動的にディスパッチされた呼び出し (インターフェイスと仮想)、

• 所有していないコードに静的にディスパッチされた呼び出しを行う、または

• メモリの割り当て。

SpinLock は、アプリケーションのパフォーマンスが向上すると判断された後にのみ使用する必要があります。 また、パフォーマンス上の理由から、 SpinLock は値型であることにも注意してください。 このため、2 つのインスタンス (元のインスタンスとコピー) が互いに完全に独立し、アプリケーションの誤った動作につながる可能性が高いので、 SpinLock インスタンスを誤ってコピーしないように十分に注意する必要があります。 SpinLock インスタンスを渡す必要がある場合は、値ではなく参照によって渡す必要があります。

SpinLockインスタンスは読み取り時フィールドに格納しないでください。

スレッド セーフ

SpinLockのすべてのメンバーはスレッド セーフであり、複数のスレッドから同時に使用できます。

こちらもご覧ください

• SpinLock
• 方法: 低レベルの同期に SpinLock を使用する
• 方法: SpinLock で Thread-Tracking モードを有効にする