DesignerTransaction Classe

Definição

public ref class DesignerTransaction abstract : IDisposable

public abstract class DesignerTransaction : IDisposable

type DesignerTransaction = class
    interface IDisposable

Public MustInherit Class DesignerTransaction
Implements IDisposable

Herança

Object

DesignerTransaction

Implementações

IDisposable

Exemplos

O seguinte exemplo de código demonstra como criar um DesignerTransaction a partir de um designer. Para executar este exemplo, compile o código-fonte numa biblioteca de classes. Deve adicionar uma referência à System.Design montagem. Num novo projeto, adicione uma referência à DLL compilada e adicione o componente da biblioteca à Toolbox.

Existe um suporte extenso para esta funcionalidade no Visual Studio.

Veja também Guia: Preencher automaticamente a caixa de ferramentas com componentes personalizados.

O designer pode, opcionalmente, mostrar notificações sobre eventos de transação do designer. Se adicionar uma instância do DTComponent a um formulário enquanto está em modo de design, aparece uma caixa de mensagem a perguntar se gostaria de receber notificações de eventos de transação designer. Pode alternar estas notificações usando o menu de atalhos que aparece quando clica com o botão direito numa instância do DTComponent. As transações são criadas quando alteras valores usando a janela Propriedades. Também pode pedir ao designer para realizar uma transação clicando em Executar Transação de Exemplo no menu de atalho do componente.

#using <system.dll>
#using <system.design.dll>
#using <system.windows.forms.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::ComponentModel::Design;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms::Design;

/*
This sample demonstrates how to perform a series of actions in a designer
transaction, how to change values of properties of a component from a
designer, and how to complete transactions without being interrupted
by other activities.

To run this sample, add this code to a class library project and compile.
Create a new Windows Forms project or load a form in the designer. Add a
reference to the class library that was compiled in the first step.
Right-click the Toolbox in design mode and click Customize Toolbox.
Browse to the class library that was compiled in the first step and
select OK until the DTComponent item appears in the Toolbox.  Add an
instance of this component to the form.

When the component is created and added to the component tray for your
design project, the Initialize method of the designer is called.
This method displays a message box informing you that designer transaction
event handlers will be registered unless you click Cancel. When you set
properties in the properties window, each change will be encapsulated in
a designer transaction, allowing the change to be undone later.

When you right-click the component, the shortcut menu for the component
is displayed. The designer constructs this menu according to whether
designer transaction notifications are enabled, and offers the option
of enabling or disabling the notifications, depending on the current
mode. The shortcut menu also presents a Perform Example Transaction
item, which will set the values of the component's StringProperty and
CountProperty properties. You can undo the last designer transaction using
the Undo command provided by the Visual Studio development environment.
*/

private ref class DTDesigner: public ComponentDesigner
{
private:
   bool notification_mode;
   int count;
   void LinkDTNotifications( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
   {
      if (  !notification_mode )
      {
         IDesignerHost^ host = dynamic_cast<IDesignerHost^>(GetService( IDesignerHost::typeid ));
         if ( host != nullptr )
         {
            notification_mode = true;
            host->TransactionOpened += gcnew EventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::OnDesignerTransactionOpened );
            host->TransactionClosed += gcnew DesignerTransactionCloseEventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::OnDesignerTransactionClosed );
         }
      }
   }

   void UnlinkDTNotifications( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
   {
      if ( notification_mode )
      {
         IDesignerHost^ host = dynamic_cast<IDesignerHost^>(GetService( IDesignerHost::typeid ));
         if ( host != nullptr )
         {
            notification_mode = false;
            host->TransactionOpened -= gcnew EventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::OnDesignerTransactionOpened );
            host->TransactionClosed -= gcnew DesignerTransactionCloseEventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::OnDesignerTransactionClosed );
         }
      }
   }

   void OnDesignerTransactionOpened( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
   {
      MessageBox::Show( "A Designer Transaction was started. (TransactionOpened)" );
   }

   void OnDesignerTransactionClosed( Object^ /*sender*/, DesignerTransactionCloseEventArgs^ /*e*/ )
   {
      MessageBox::Show( "A Designer Transaction was completed. (TransactionClosed)" );
   }

   void DoTransaction( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
   {
      IDesignerHost^ host = static_cast<IDesignerHost^>(GetService( IDesignerHost::typeid ));
      DesignerTransaction^ t = host->CreateTransaction( "Change Text and Size" );
      
      /* The code within the using statement is considered to be a single transaction.
              When the user selects Undo, the system will undo everything executed in this code block.
              */
      if ( notification_mode )
            MessageBox::Show( "Entering a Designer-Initiated Designer Transaction" );

      // The .NET Framework automatically associates the TypeDescriptor with the correct component
      PropertyDescriptor^ someText = TypeDescriptor::GetProperties( Component )[ "StringProperty" ];
      someText->SetValue( Component, "This text was set by the designer for this component." );
      PropertyDescriptor^ anInteger = TypeDescriptor::GetProperties( Component )[ "CountProperty" ];
      anInteger->SetValue( Component, count );
      count++;

      // Complete the designer transaction.
      t->Commit();
      if ( notification_mode )
            MessageBox::Show( "Designer-Initiated Designer Transaction Completed" );
   }

public:
   property DesignerVerbCollection^ Verbs 
   {
      // The Verbs property is overridden from ComponentDesigner
      virtual DesignerVerbCollection^ get() override
      {
         DesignerVerbCollection^ dvc = gcnew DesignerVerbCollection;
         dvc->Add( gcnew DesignerVerb( "Perform Example Transaction",gcnew EventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::DoTransaction ) ) );
         if ( notification_mode )
                  dvc->Add( gcnew DesignerVerb( "End Designer Transaction Notifications",
                     gcnew EventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::UnlinkDTNotifications ) ) );
         else
                  dvc->Add( gcnew DesignerVerb( "Show Designer Transaction Notifications",
                     gcnew EventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::LinkDTNotifications ) ) );

         return dvc;
      }
   }
   virtual void Initialize( IComponent^ component ) override
   {
      ComponentDesigner::Initialize( component );
      notification_mode = false;
      count = 10;
      IDesignerHost^ host = dynamic_cast<IDesignerHost^>(GetService( IDesignerHost::typeid ));
      if ( host == nullptr )
      {
         MessageBox::Show( "The IDesignerHost service interface could not be obtained." );
         return;
      }

      if ( MessageBox::Show( "Press the Yes button to display notification message boxes for the designer transaction opened and closed notifications.", "Link DesignerTransaction Notifications?", MessageBoxButtons::YesNo, MessageBoxIcon::Question, MessageBoxDefaultButton::Button1, MessageBoxOptions::RightAlign ) == DialogResult::Yes )
      {
         host->TransactionOpened += gcnew EventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::OnDesignerTransactionOpened );
         host->TransactionClosed += gcnew DesignerTransactionCloseEventHandler( this, &DTDesigner::OnDesignerTransactionClosed );
         notification_mode = true;
      }
   }

public:
   ~DTDesigner()
   {
      UnlinkDTNotifications( this, gcnew EventArgs );
   }
};

// Associate the DTDesigner with this component

[DesignerAttribute(DTDesigner::typeid)]
public ref class DTComponent: public System::ComponentModel::Component
{
private:
   String^ m_String;
   int m_Count;
   void InitializeComponent()
   {
      m_String = "Initial Value";
      m_Count = 0;
   }

public:
   property String^ StringProperty 
   {
      String^ get()
      {
         return m_String;
      }

      void set( String^ value )
      {
         m_String = value;
      }
   }

   property int CountProperty 
   {
      int get()
      {
         return m_Count;
      }

      void set( int value )
      {
         m_Count = value;
      }
   }
};

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Windows.Forms.Design;

/*
    This sample demonstrates how to perform a series of actions in a designer 
    transaction, how to change values of properties of a component from a 
    designer, and how to complete transactions without being interrupted 
    by other activities.

    To run this sample, add this code to a class library project and compile. 
    Create a new Windows Forms project or load a form in the designer. Add a 
    reference to the class library that was compiled in the first step.
    Right-click the Toolbox in design mode and click Customize Toolbox.  
    Browse to the class library that was compiled in the first step and 
    select OK until the DTComponent item appears in the Toolbox.  Add an 
    instance of this component to the form.  
    
    When the component is created and added to the component tray for your
    design project, the Initialize method of the designer is called. 
    This method displays a message box informing you that designer transaction
    event handlers will be registered unless you click Cancel. When you set 
    properties in the properties window, each change will be encapsulated in 
    a designer transaction, allowing the change to be undone later.  
    
    When you right-click the component,	the shortcut menu for the component 
    is displayed. The designer constructs this menu according to whether 
    designer transaction notifications are enabled, and offers the option
    of enabling or disabling the notifications, depending on the current 
    mode. The shortcut menu also presents a Perform Example Transaction 
    item, which will set the values of the component's StringProperty and 
    CountProperty properties. You can undo the last designer transaction using 
    the Undo command provided by the Visual Studio development environment.
*/

namespace DesignerTransactionSample
{
    // Associate the DTDesigner with this component
    [DesignerAttribute(typeof(DTDesigner))]
    public class DTComponent : System.ComponentModel.Component
    {
        private string m_String;
    private int m_Count;
            
    public string StringProperty
    {
        get
            { return m_String; }
        set
        { m_String = value; }
    }
            
    public int CountProperty
    {
        get
        { return m_Count; }
        set
        { m_Count = value; }
    }

    private void InitializeComponent()
    {
        m_String = "Initial Value";
        m_Count = 0;
    }
    }
    
    internal class DTDesigner : ComponentDesigner
    {
    private bool notification_mode = false;
    private int count = 10;
        
    // The Verbs property is overridden from ComponentDesigner
    public override DesignerVerbCollection Verbs
    {
        get
        {				
            DesignerVerbCollection dvc = new DesignerVerbCollection();				
        dvc.Add( new DesignerVerb("Perform Example Transaction", new EventHandler(this.DoTransaction)) );
        if(notification_mode)
            dvc.Add(new DesignerVerb("End Designer Transaction Notifications", new EventHandler(this.UnlinkDTNotifications)));
        else
            dvc.Add(new DesignerVerb("Show Designer Transaction Notifications", new EventHandler(this.LinkDTNotifications)));				return dvc;
        }
    }
        
        public override void Initialize(System.ComponentModel.IComponent component)
        {
            base.Initialize(component);

            IDesignerHost host = (IDesignerHost)GetService(typeof(IDesignerHost));			
            if(host == null)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("The IDesignerHost service interface could not be obtained.");
                return;
            }

            if( MessageBox.Show("Press the Yes button to display notification message boxes for the designer transaction opened and closed notifications.","Link DesignerTransaction Notifications?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1, MessageBoxOptions.RightAlign) == DialogResult.Yes )
            {							
            host.TransactionOpened += new EventHandler(OnDesignerTransactionOpened);
                host.TransactionClosed += new DesignerTransactionCloseEventHandler(OnDesignerTransactionClosed);
                notification_mode = true;
            }
        }
        
        private void LinkDTNotifications(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if(!notification_mode)
            {
            IDesignerHost host = (IDesignerHost)GetService(typeof(IDesignerHost));							
                if(host != null)
            {
            notification_mode = true;
                   host.TransactionOpened += new EventHandler(OnDesignerTransactionOpened);
                   host.TransactionClosed += new DesignerTransactionCloseEventHandler(OnDesignerTransactionClosed);
            }
        }
        }

        private void UnlinkDTNotifications(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        if(notification_mode)
            {
                IDesignerHost host = (IDesignerHost)GetService(typeof(IDesignerHost));							
            if(host != null)
                {				
            notification_mode = false;
                    host.TransactionOpened -= new EventHandler(OnDesignerTransactionOpened);
                    host.TransactionClosed -= new DesignerTransactionCloseEventHandler(OnDesignerTransactionClosed);
                }
            }
        }

        private void OnDesignerTransactionOpened(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {			
        System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("A Designer Transaction was started. (TransactionOpened)");
        }

        private void OnDesignerTransactionClosed(object sender, DesignerTransactionCloseEventArgs e)
        {			
        System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("A Designer Transaction was completed. (TransactionClosed)");
        }   

        private void DoTransaction(object sender, EventArgs e) 
        {			
            IDesignerHost host = (IDesignerHost)GetService(typeof(IDesignerHost));			
            DesignerTransaction t = host.CreateTransaction("Change Text and Size");

            /* The code within the using statement is considered to be a single transaction.
           When the user selects Undo, the system will undo everything executed in this code block. */
            using (t)
            {
            if(notification_mode)
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Entering a Designer-Initiated Designer Transaction");
                
                // The .NET Framework automatically associates the TypeDescriptor with the correct component
            PropertyDescriptor someText = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(Component)["StringProperty"];
                someText.SetValue(Component, "This text was set by the designer for this component.");

                PropertyDescriptor anInteger = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(Component)["CountProperty"];
            anInteger.SetValue(Component, count);
            count++;

                // Complete the designer transaction.
            t.Commit();
                
            if(notification_mode)
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Designer-Initiated Designer Transaction Completed");
            }
        }
        
    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        UnlinkDTNotifications(this, new EventArgs());
        base.Dispose(disposing);
    }
    }
}

Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.ComponentModel.Design
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Windows.Forms.Design

'   This sample demonstrates how to perform a series of actions in a designer 
'   transaction, how to change values of properties of a component from a 
'   designer, and how to complete transactions without being interrupted 
'   by other activities.

'   To run this sample, add this code to a class library project and compile. 
'   Create a new Windows Forms project or load a form in the designer. Add a 
'   reference to the class library that was compiled in the first step.
'   Right-click the Toolbox in design mode and click Customize Toolbox.  
'   Browse to the class library that was compiled in the first step and 
'   select OK until the DTComponent item appears in the Toolbox.  Add an 
'   instance of this component to the form.  

'   When the component is created and added to the component tray for your
'   design project, the Initialize method of the designer is called. 
'   This method displays a message box informing you that designer transaction
'   event handlers are being registered unless you click Cancel. When you set 
'   properties in the properties window, each change will be encapsulated in 
'   a designer transaction, allowing the change to be undone later.  

'   When you right-click the component, the shortcut menu for the component 
'   is displayed. The designer constructs this menu according to whether 
'   designer transaction notifications are enabled, and offers the option
'   of enabling or disabling the notifications, depending on the current 
'   mode. The shortcut menu also presents a Perform Example Transaction 
'   item which will set the values of the component's StringProperty and 
'   CountProperty properties. You can undo the last designer transaction using 
'   the Undo command provided by the Visual Studio development environment.	

Namespace DesignerTransactionSample

    ' Associate the DTDesigner with this component
    <DesignerAttribute(GetType(DTDesigner))> _
    Public Class DTComponent
        Inherits System.ComponentModel.Component
        Private m_String As String
        Private m_Count As Integer

        Public Property StringProperty() As String
            Get
                Return m_String
            End Get
            Set(ByVal Value As String)
                m_String = Value
            End Set
        End Property

        Public Property CountProperty() As Integer
            Get
                Return m_Count
            End Get
            Set(ByVal Value As Integer)
                m_Count = Value
            End Set
        End Property

        Private Sub InitializeComponent()
            m_String = "Initial Value"
            m_Count = 0
        End Sub

    End Class

    Friend Class DTDesigner
        Inherits ComponentDesigner

        Private notification_mode As Boolean = False
        Private count As Integer = 10

        ' The Verbs property is overridden from ComponentDesigner
        Public Overrides ReadOnly Property Verbs() As DesignerVerbCollection
            Get
                Dim dvc As New DesignerVerbCollection()
                dvc.Add(New DesignerVerb("Perform Example Transaction", AddressOf Me.DoTransaction))
                If notification_mode Then
                    dvc.Add(New DesignerVerb("End Designer Transaction Notifications", AddressOf Me.UnlinkDTNotifications))
                Else
                    dvc.Add(New DesignerVerb("Show Designer Transaction Notifications", AddressOf Me.LinkDTNotifications))
                End If
                Return dvc
            End Get
        End Property

        Public Overrides Sub Initialize(ByVal component As System.ComponentModel.IComponent)
            MyBase.Initialize(component)

            Dim host As IDesignerHost = CType(GetService(GetType(IDesignerHost)), IDesignerHost)
            If host Is Nothing Then
                MessageBox.Show("The IDesignerHost service interface could not be obtained.")
                Return
            End If

            If MessageBox.Show("Press the Yes button to display notification message boxes for the designer transaction opened and closed notifications.", "Link DesignerTransaction Notifications?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1, MessageBoxOptions.RightAlign) = DialogResult.Yes Then
                AddHandler host.TransactionOpened, AddressOf OnDesignerTransactionOpened
                AddHandler host.TransactionClosed, AddressOf OnDesignerTransactionClosed
                notification_mode = True
            End If
        End Sub

        Private Sub LinkDTNotifications(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
            If notification_mode = False Then
                Dim host As IDesignerHost = CType(GetService(GetType(IDesignerHost)), IDesignerHost)
                If (host IsNot Nothing) Then
                    notification_mode = True
                    AddHandler host.TransactionOpened, AddressOf OnDesignerTransactionOpened
                    AddHandler host.TransactionClosed, AddressOf OnDesignerTransactionClosed
                End If
            End If
        End Sub

        Private Sub UnlinkDTNotifications(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
            If notification_mode Then
                Dim host As IDesignerHost = CType(GetService(GetType(IDesignerHost)), IDesignerHost)
                If (host IsNot Nothing) Then
                    notification_mode = False
                    RemoveHandler host.TransactionOpened, AddressOf Me.OnDesignerTransactionOpened
                    RemoveHandler host.TransactionClosed, AddressOf Me.OnDesignerTransactionClosed
                End If
            End If
        End Sub

        Private Sub OnDesignerTransactionOpened(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
            System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("A Designer Transaction was started. (TransactionOpened)")
        End Sub

        Private Sub OnDesignerTransactionClosed(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As DesignerTransactionCloseEventArgs)
            System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("A Designer Transaction was completed. (TransactionClosed)")
        End Sub

        Private Sub DoTransaction(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
            Dim host As IDesignerHost = CType(GetService(GetType(IDesignerHost)), IDesignerHost)
            Dim t As DesignerTransaction = host.CreateTransaction("Change Text and Size")

            ' The code within the using statement is considered to be a single transaction.
            ' When the user selects Undo, the system will undo everything executed in this code block. 
            Try
                If (notification_mode) Then
                    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Entering a Designer-Initiated Designer Transaction")
                End If

                Dim someText As PropertyDescriptor = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(Component)("StringProperty")
                someText.SetValue(Component, "This text was set by the designer for this component.")
                Dim anInteger As PropertyDescriptor = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(Component)("CountProperty")
                anInteger.SetValue(Component, count)
                count = count + 1

                Exit Try
            Finally
                t.Commit()                
            End Try
            If (notification_mode) Then
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Designer-Initiated Designer Transaction Completed")
            End If
        End Sub

        Protected Overloads Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
            UnlinkDTNotifications(Me, New EventArgs())
            MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
        End Sub

    End Class
End Namespace 'DesignerTransactionSample

Observações

As transações podem acompanhar ações que podem ser desfeitas mais tarde. As alterações feitas durante uma transação podem ser revertidas cancelando uma transação, o que tenta automaticamente reverter cada alteração ao definir cada propriedade alterada para o seu valor pré-alteração. As transações também podem melhorar o desempenho durante uma série de operações ao adiar as atualizações do ecrã até à conclusão da transação.

Quando uma transação está em andamento, alguns componentes adiam o seu processamento até que a transação seja concluída, ouvindo os TransactionOpening eventos and TransactionClosed . A janela Propriedades, por exemplo, não atualiza o seu ecrã depois de uma transação ter sido aberta até que esta seja encerrada.

Para usar transações para operações reversíveis ou múltiplas, peça ao seu designer para criar um DesignerTransaction para cada operação ou série de operações que deva ser reversível. Tenha cuidado para não realizar ações fora das transações que possam impedir que uma sequência de eventos de desfazer seja concluída com sucesso.

Pode obter um novo DesignerTransaction chamando o CreateTransaction método de um IDesignerHost. Certifique-se de obter cada um DesignerTransaction dos ativos IDesignerHost para se integrar corretamente com o mecanismo de processamento de transações do designer, em vez de criar um novo DesignerTransaction diretamente.

Para realizar uma ação dentro de uma transação, deve primeiro criar uma transação. Depois, deve chamar o OnComponentChanging método antes de cada alteração ou conjunto de alterações ocorrer, e o OnComponentChanged método após cada alteração ou conjunto de alterações ocorrer. Finalmente, conclua e feche a transação chamando o Commit método.

Para realizar uma transação, complete os seguintes passos:

1. Liga CreateTransaction para obter um DesignerTransaction que pode ser usado para controlar a transação.

2. Dentro de um try bloco, para cada ação que pretende acompanhar com um DesignerTransaction, chame o OnComponentChanging método, faça a alteração ou alterações, e depois chame o OnComponentChanged método para sinalizar que a ou as alterações foram feitas.

3. Para completar a transação, chame Commit a partir de um finally bloco.

Em C#, pode usar a using instrução em vez de um try/finally bloco, como no exemplo seguinte.

using (host.CreateTransaction() {
// Insert your code here.
}

Para cancelar e tentar reverter uma transação antes de ser confirmada, chame o Cancel método. Quando o Cancel método é invocado, as ações acompanhadas pelo DesignerTransaction são revertidas para tentar reverter as alterações. Para desfazer ações que ocorreram como parte de transações anteriores, deve usar o comando desfazer fornecido pelo ambiente de desenvolvimento.

Ver também

• IDesignerHost
• IComponentChangeService
• PropertyDescriptor